Apple’s audio requirements ask podcasters to prepare episodes at about -16 LKFS of integrated loudness, give or take 1 dB, with true peaks no higher than -1 dBFS, measured to ITU-R BS.1770.
Apple gives the reason: it keeps spoken content audible and free of distortion. Heavily compressed, loud audio can come out distorted, quiet audio can be hard to hear, and lossy encoders can clip audio whose true peak goes over the limit.
LKFS and LUFS are the same unit. This checker measures integrated loudness with gating and a 4x oversampled true peak, the same way Studio does. Close means within 3 dB of Apple’s level; that band is ours, not Apple’s.